Water/Wastewater Engineers
Do you get annoyed when you sometimes wake up to find the water shut off in your house? Do you feel frustrated because you can't wash your face or hands or use the bathroom? What if I told you that nearly half the population of this planet deals with exactly that, constantly — not just for a few minutes or hours. According to a 2019 report from UNICEF and the World Health Organization, there are 4.2 billion people around the world living in homes with no sanitation services, and more than 2.2 billion people lack access to safely managed drinking water — that is, water that's been properly treated and purified. Just imagine that there are hundreds of millions of people who have to walk dozens of miles every day to rivers or wells near them just to quench their thirst or wash their faces with that flowing water full of dirt and waste. More than half the towns and cities in this world need water facilities, sanitation services, treatment plants, and systems to carry water to homes, on top of the fact that all the new towns and cities constantly being built to accommodate population growth need water facilities and supply systems too. That's why this world is always in desperate need of water engineers, who are the subject of our discussion today — the clean water you use every day, whether for personal hygiene, drinking, or cooking, reaches you thanks to these engineers. Water engineers are responsible for designing and developing systems that carry water to homes, businesses, farms, and elsewhere, on top of sanitation services, and they're the ones who handle water purification and treatment processes. They're also responsible for coming up with methods and solutions to deal with floods, droughts, and the various forms of climate change affecting water — the lifeline for the eight billion people living on this crowded planet.
Meet the Writer: Waleed Abo Omiraa
What You'll Actually Do
The core tasks and responsibilities that fill a typical day.
- Write technical reports or publications related to water resources development or water use efficiency.
- Review and critique proposals, plans, or designs related to water or wastewater treatment systems.
- Provide technical support on water resource or treatment issues to government agencies.
- Provide technical direction or supervision to junior engineers, engineering or computer-aided design (CAD) technicians, or other technical personnel.
- Identify design alternatives for the development of new water resources.
- Develop plans for new water resources or water efficiency programs.
- Design or select equipment for use in wastewater processing to ensure compliance with government standards.
- Conduct water quality studies to identify and characterize water pollutant sources.
- Perform hydrological analyses, using three-dimensional simulation software, to model the movement of water or forecast the dispersion of chemical pollutants in the water supply.
- Perform hydraulic analyses of water supply systems or water distribution networks to model flow characteristics, test for pressure losses, or to identify opportunities to mitigate risks and improve operational efficiency.
- Oversee the construction of decentralized or on-site wastewater treatment systems, including reclaimed water facilities.
- Gather and analyze water use data to forecast water demand.
- Conduct feasibility studies for the construction of facilities, such as water supply systems, runoff collection networks, water and wastewater treatment plants, or wastewater collection systems.
- Conduct environmental impact studies related to water and wastewater collection, treatment, or distribution.
- Conduct cost-benefit analyses for the construction of water supply systems, runoff collection networks, water and wastewater treatment plants, or wastewater collection systems.
- Analyze the efficiency of water delivery structures, such as dams, tainter gates, canals, pipes, penstocks, or cofferdams.
- Analyze storm water or floodplain drainage systems to control erosion, stabilize river banks, repair channel streams, or design bridges.
- Analyze and recommend sludge treatment or disposal methods.
- Analyze and recommend chemical, biological, or other wastewater treatment methods to prepare water for industrial or domestic use.
- Design water storage tanks or other water storage facilities.
- Design water runoff collection networks, water supply channels, or water supply system networks.
- Design water or wastewater lift stations, including water wells.
- Design water distribution systems for potable or non-potable water.
- Design sludge treatment plants.
- Design pumping systems, pumping stations, pipelines, force mains, or sewers for the collection of wastewater.
- Design domestic or industrial water or wastewater treatment plants, including advanced facilities with sequencing batch reactors (SBR), membranes, lift stations, headworks, surge overflow basins, ultraviolet disinfection systems, aerobic digesters, sludge lagoons, or control buildings.
- Evaluate the operation and maintenance of water or wastewater systems to identify ways to improve their efficiency.